Justia Montana Supreme Court Opinion Summaries

The Supreme Court affirmed in part and reversed in part the district court's dismissal of Mark Plakorus's claims against the University of Montana, holding that Plakorus's amended complaint was sufficient to state tort claims for defamation and intentional interference but that the district court properly dismissed the remaining claims.The University employed Plakorus under contract as head coach of the women's soccer team. This case arose from the University's refusal to renew Plakorus's contract after finding on Plakorus's phone records alleged private contacts with Las Vegas escort services. In his complaint, Plakorus claimed that the University unlawfully disclosed confidential information from his personnel file, violated his privacy rights, defamed him, and interfered with his future business prospects. The district court granted the University's motion to dismiss, concluding that Plakorus's tort claims arose from the employment contract and were barred by the one-year statute of limitations under Mont. Code Ann. 18-1-402(2). The Supreme Court reversed in part, holding (1) the district court erred in concluding that the duties underlying all of Plakorus's claims arose solely under the contract, and the state tort claims for defamation and intentional interference survived the State's motion to dismiss; and (2) the district court correctly dismissed the remaining claims as time barred. View "Plakorus v. University of Montana" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed in part and reversed in part the district court's ruling granting summary judgment to Park County Environmental Council and Greater Yellowstone Coalition and an order of vacatur of the challenged exploration license in this case, holding that the district court erred in part.Lucky Minerals, Inc. submitted an exploration application seeking authorization to conduct exploration activities within its privately-owned patented mine claim block. The Montana Department of Environmental Quality granted the exploration license. The district court voided Lucky's exploration license, concluding that the 2011 Montana Environmental Policy Act amendments were unconstitutional. The Supreme Court affirmed in part and reversed in part, holding that the district court did not err by vacating the exploration license and finding Mont. Code Ann. 75-1-206(6)(c) and (d) in violation of the Legislature's constitutional mandate to provide remedies adequate to prevent proscribed environmental harms under Mont. Const. Art. II, 3 and IX, 1. View "Park County Environmental Council v. Montana Department of Environmental Quality" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the ruling of the district court determining that Brown Drake, LLC's operation of the Brown Drake Lodge did not violate the Craig Tracts Homeowners' Association's (HOA) amended covenant's requirement that the property be "used for residential purposes only," holding that the district court did not err.The HOA brought this action for injunctive and declaratory relief, alleging that Brown Drake's operation of the Lodge violated the amended covenants' requirement that property be used for residential purposes only. The district court ruled in favor of Brown Drake. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that Brown Drake's operation of the Lodge did not violate the amendment covenants under the HOA. View "Craig Tracts Homeowners' Ass'n v. Brown Drake, LLC" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court reversed the judgment of the district court convicting Defendant of solicitation of witness tampering and sentencing him to prison for ten years with four years suspended, holding that the district court made numerous errors during trial amounting to cumulative error requiring reversal.Specifically, the Supreme Court held that Defendant's conviction resulted, at least in part, from the prejudice of the irrelevant and extrinsic bad acts evidence erroneously admitted from void dire through the entire evidentiary presentation and that Defendant did not receive a fair trial as a result of the district court's erroneous rulings, mandating reversal of Defendant's conviction under the doctrine of cumulative error. View "State v. Smith" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the judgment of the district court determining that Montana law applied to the wrongful death action brought by Nicole Buckles on behalf of the estate her deceased son, Zachary Scott Buckles, whose death occurred in the State of North Dakota, holding that the district court did not err.Zachary died of exposure to high levels of hydrocarbon vapors while working on Continental Resources, Inc.'s well site located near Alexander, North Dakota. Buckles, acting as personal representative of Zachary's estate, filed a wrongful death action against Continental and other entities in a Montana district court. Two defendants filed a motion for declaration of applicable law requesting that the district court apply North Dakota substantive law to Buckles' claims. The district court denied the motion, determining that Montana law applied. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that the district court did not clearly err in concluding that although the injury occurred outside of Montana, Montana had the most significant relationship to this litigation. View "Buckles v. BH Flowtest, Inc." on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the district court's vacatur of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality's (DEQ) 2017 issuance of Montana Pollution Discharge Elimination System (MPDES) permit to Montanore Minerals Corp. (MMC), holding that the DEQ unlawfully relied upon a 1992 order of the Board of Health and Environmental Sciences (BHES) when issuing the 2017 permit.Specifically, the Supreme Court held (1) the district court correctly concluded that the 1992 BHES order expired prior to DEQ issuing the 2017 permit; and (2) because DEQ relied upon an expired BHES order when it issued the 2017 permit, the permit was not validly issued and must be vacated. View "Montana Environmental Information Center v. Montana Department of Environmental Quality" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed Defendant's conviction for aggravated promotion of prostitution of B.M. and promoting prostitution of Z.T., holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion.On appeal, Defendant argued that the district court erred in granting the State's motion in limine prohibiting Defendant from eliciting any testimony concerning B.M. and/or Z.T.'s prior sexual conduct. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion when it excluded evidence related to Z.T.'s prior involvement with prostitution under Mont. R. Evid. 401, 402, and 404(b). View "State v. Thomas" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court reversed the judgment of the district court interpreting and modifying a prior 2014 judgment that previously adjudicated that Plaintiffs had established various prescriptive easement rights over certain land before Defendants acquired it in the 1980s, holding that the court misinterpreted the 2014 judgment.Specifically, the Supreme Court held (1) the district court did not err when it concluded that Mont. R. Civ. P. 59-60 did not apply to Defendants' motions for subsequent interpretation and clarification of the 2014 judgment; (2) the district court erred when it construed the 2014 judgment as ambiguous on its face or in effect; and (3) the district court erroneously altered and amended the substance of the 2014 judgment inconsistent with its manifestly intended original meaning and effect. View "Meine v. Hren Ranches, Inc." on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed Defendant's conviction for felony theft, felony altering an identification number, and misdemeanor violation of license plate requirement, holding that the district court did not err.Specifically, the Supreme Court held (1) the district court did not err in denying Defendant's motion to dismiss based on the state's alleged failure to preserve exculpatory evidence; (2) the district court did not err when it allowed an out-of-court statement offered for the limited purpose of explaining an officer's conduct; and (3) after correctly instructing the jury, the district court did not abuse its discretion in referring the jury to instructions already provided. View "State v. Fillion" on Justia Law

In this case involving a grant of easement and easement agreement between Roger Peters and Carrie Peters and Douglas Hubbards and Nathan Hubbards the Supreme Court affirmed the judgment of the district court granting summary judgment in favor of the Peterses, holding that the district court did not err or abuse its discretion.The easement agreement in this case granted the Hubbards an easement to use a road crossing the Peterses' land. The Peterses later rescinded the agreement, but the Hubbards continued to use the road. The Peterses subsequently filed a declaratory judgment action seeking a declaration that the rescission was proper and that the Hubbards' rights under the agreement were terminated. The Hubbards filed a counterclaim asserting claims for a private prescriptive easement and a public prescriptive easement. The district court granted summary judgment for the Peterses on all issues. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding (1) the district court did not err in interpreting the language of the easement agreement; (2) the Hubbards did not establish either a private or public prescriptive easement across the Peterses' property covered in the easement agreement; and (3) the district court properly awarded attorney fees to the Peterses. View "Peters v. Hubbard" on Justia Law