Justia Montana Supreme Court Opinion Summaries

Articles Posted in June, 2012
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Defendant Thomas Evans appealed the revocation of his suspended sentence. In 2003, Defendant pled guilty to issuing bad checks for which he was sentenced to a five-year commitment to the Department of Corrections. Defendant was given credit for nineteen days served pending final disposition. The sentence was suspended pursuant to conditions, and was to run consecutive to a prior Missioula County sentence, also for issuing bad checks. One of the conditions of his suspended sentence was that he “remain law-abiding.” Late 2010, Missoula law enforcement responded to a report that Defendant had assaulted his former girlfriend. The felony assault charge was eventually dismissed, but Defendant retained a misdemeanor PFMA count. The district court denied his motion to dismiss and revoked Defendant's suspended sentence. Defendant appealed and raised several issues on appeal: (1) the District Court lacked jurisdiction to conduct the revocation proceedings; (2) Defendant was denied due process; (3) Defendant challenged whether the State established grounds for revocation by a preponderance of the evidence; and (4) Defendant alleged that the District Court erred in failing to award him credit for time served in jail prior to the revocation of his suspended sentence. Upon review, the Supreme Court concluded that the district court indeed miscalculated Defendant's credit for time served. The Court remanded the case so that the lower court could give Defendant additional credit for time served in the amount of ninety-five days for a total of 158 days. The District Court was affirmed in all other respects. View "Montana v. Evans" on Justia Law

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The State Department of Labor and Industry appealed a district court's order that reversed the Department's decision regarding Petitioner Sheila Callahan & Friends, Inc. (SC&F). SC&F, a radio broadcasting company entered into a one-year contract with Joni Mielke. During the term of employment, SC&F evaluated Mielke as being an excellent radio personality and announcer but as underperforming other responsibilities because she either did not want to do them or preferred announcing-related duties. Mielke elected not to renew her contract with SC&F, and on an exit interview form, Mielke indicated her reason for leaving was that she "quit." After Mielke left her employment with SC&F, she was hired by another radio station. After a brief employment with this subsequent employer, she was laid off and filed for unemployment benefits in October 2009. The Department of Labor sent a Notice of Chargeability Determination to SC&F assessing a pro rata share of the costs of Mielke’s unemployment insurance benefits to SC&F’s experience rating account. The Department administratively determined that Mielke was employed for SC&F on a contract basis during her base period of employment and that SC&F’s account was chargeable for a portion of benefits drawn by Mielke. SC&F requested a redetermination, arguing that Mielke had voluntarily left her employment. The Department issued a Redetermination affirming the initial Determination. An administrative hearing was then conducted by telephone; the hearing officer determined that Mielke neither voluntarily quit nor was discharged for misconduct and affirmed the decision to charge SC&F’s account. On appeal, the Department argued the District Court improperly failed to defer to the Board’s findings of facts. Upon review, the Supreme Court concluded that the error of the Board was primarily premised upon application of legal standards, in the nature of a conclusion of law. Given the inapplicability of the imputation rules to the situation here, the District Court properly concluded that the evidence did not support the Board’s determination that Mielke’s work separation was involuntary. View "Sheila Callahan & Friends, Inc. v. Montana" on Justia Law

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Glacier Kitchens, Inc., CR Weaver Trust, and the Estate of Grace Weaver (collectively "Defendants") appealed the denial of their motion to set aside the default judgments issued against them in district court. Weaver filed a complaint against Plaintiff Mountain West Bank (MWB) alleging breach of contract, unfair trade practices, and a violation of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. MWB filed its answer and counterclaim for judicial foreclosure. MWB attempted to serve the Defendants at the residence of Weaver by personally serving Weaver’s daughter Elizabeth Weaver (Elizabeth). Elizabeth bore no relationship to the Defendants, other than she is Weaver’s daughter. Weaver filed a pro se answer to MWB’s counterclaim as it related to him. The Defendants failed to file an answer or otherwise appear. As a result, MWB applied for entries of default against them. Weaver filed a pro se motion to set aside the judgments against Defendants. In his motion, Weaver noted that Elizabeth was not legally qualified to accept service on behalf of the Defendants. MWB objected and argued that Weaver had failed to explain why Elizabeth was not authorized to accept service on behalf of the Defendants. MWB additionally contended that Weaver, as a non-attorney, could not appear on behalf of the Defendants. The Supreme Court dismissed Weaver's appeal without prejudice due to the fact that as a pro se appellant, Weaver was unable to bring an appeal on behalf of the Defendants. Defendants through counsel made a motion to set aside the default judgments arguing MWB's alleged faulty service. The Defendants' motion to set aside the default judgments was deemed denied pursuant to M. R. Civ. P. 60(c) (2009) when the District Court failed to rule on them within 60 days. It is from that denial that the Defendants appealed. Upon review, the Supreme Court concluded that the district court erred when it failed to set aside the default judgments issued against Defendants due to the problem with service. Accordingly, the Court reversed the district court and remanded the case for further proceedings. View "Mtn. West v. Glacier Kitchens, Inc." on Justia Law

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I.M. (Father) appealed a district court order that terminated his parental rights to his children A.J.M (daughter) and C.J.M. (son). The children's biological mother already had her parental rights to terminated. The Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS) contacted the family and made recommendations, but the parents did not follow through. Father reported Mother to DPHHS in July of 2009 with concerns about her drinking and inability to care for the children. After Father’s call, the children were removed. Upon stipulations by both Mother and Father, the children were adjudicated Youths in Need of Care on August 14, 2009. The District Court found that: 1) termination was statutorily presumed to be in both A.J.M.’s and C.J.M.’s best interest due to the length of time each had been in foster care; 2) Father’s treatment plans were appropriate; 3) Father did not comply with the treatment plans; 4) the conditions rendering Father unfit or unable to parent would not likely change within a reasonable amount of time, and 5) the best interests of A.J.M. and C.J.M. would indeed be served by termination of Father’s parental rights. Father then appealed. Finding no abuse of discretion in the district court's judgment, the Supreme Court affirmed the termination of Father's parental rights. View "Matter of C.J.M. and A.J.M." on Justia Law

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Davie Lin Lloyd (Davie) appealed a Parenting Plan Order entered by the district court. Davie and Brett Camaron Lloyd (Brett) were married in 1997, and are the parents of one minor child, M.K.L. In 2004, the district court issued a decree of dissolution and parenting plan, which awarded Davie residential custody and included an attorney’s fees provision. After the dissolution, Davie moved with M.K.L. from Texas to Oklahoma to Kentucky, and finally, to Florida. In the summer of 2009, the parties’ communication disintegrated when they disagreed over Brett’s summer visitation and as a result, M.K.L. never visited Brett that summer. Due to this communication breakdown, Brett initiated legal proceedings in Montana to enforce the parenting plan. The district court held a hearing on the parenting issues in 2011 and issued its order. The Order gave Brett residential custody of M.K.L., and included a provision requiring that for each vacation M.K.L. would be transferred to the parent with visitation rights on the evening of the last day of school before the break and would remain with that parent until the evening before school would resume. Brett filed a request that the District Court enforce the attorney’s fees provision in the 2004 Parenting Plan and award Brett his attorney’s fees. The District Court approved that request on August 16, 2011, and on August 24, 2011, Davie filed an M. R. Civ. P. 60(b) motion for relief from the judgment awarding attorney’s fees. Counsel for Brett submitted an affidavit containing a statement of attorney’s fees on August 29, 2011, to which Davie did not object. On September 21, 2011, the District Court denied Davie’s motion and approved the amount of the fees. Finding no abuse of discretion in the district court's decision to award attorney's fees, the Supreme Court affirmed. View "Marriage of Lloyd" on Justia Law

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Petitioner Emily Blodgett petitioned the Supreme Court for a Writ of Supervisory Control alleging that the Missoula County Justice Court violated sections 3-10-231 through -234, MCA; Article VII Sections 1 and 5 of the Montana Constitution, and several of the Court's prior decisions when it allowed a retired district court judge to preside over her jury trial. Petitioner contended that the presiding justice of the peace improperly called the judge to preside over the case even though the justice was present in her court but otherwise involved with another case. Finding that though the retired judge was qualified by his training and experience to act as a substitute justice of the peace, he was not one at the time he presided over Petitioner's trial because the statutory procedures to vested him with the power to perform judicial functions as a substitute justice of the peace had not been followed. Consequently, any purported judicial acts performed by the judge in this case were void ab initio. The Supreme Court granted Petitioner's request for a Writ of Supervisory Control and held that Petitioner's jury trial was void ab initio. The case was remanded for further proceedings. View "Blodgett v. Missoula JP Court" on Justia Law

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The district court entered a decree in 2011 dissolving the marriage of Petitioner Aylynn King (Aly) and Joseph King (Joe) and establishing a parenting plan with respect to their two-and-a-half-year-old child, B.K. Aly challenged: (1) the District Court’s denial of her request to change the child’s surname to Matté, the surname that was restored to Aly after the dissolution, and (2) the parenting plan, which provides that B.K. will reside with Joe two days a week during most of the year, and five to seven days a week for about six weeks each summer. Upon review, the Supreme Court found no basis upon which to reverse the district court's decisions in this case, and affirmed the court's decisions. View "Marriage of King" on Justia Law

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This matter involved two cases, one involving two youths who appeared in youth court for detention hearings and one involving an adult who pled guilty to driving under the influence in justice court. After appearing in district court, the youths filed motions to substitute district court judge, and the court denied the motions as untimely. After the adult pled guilty in justice court, she appealed only the justice court's denial of her pretrial suppression motion, which the district court denied as untimely. The Supreme Court granted a petition for writ of supervisory control for the youths and denied it for the adult, holding (1) the district court improperly determined that the youths had filed untimely motions for substitution of district judge; and (2) the district court correctly denied the adult's motion for substitution of district court judge, as no right exists under Mont. Code Ann. 3-1-804 to substitute a district judge in an appeal of a specific pre-trial legal ruling from justice court. View "Bledsoe v. Dist. Court" on Justia Law

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Appellant James Davis appealed from his conviction of one count of criminal distribution of dangerous drugs by accountability, claiming that the State presented insufficient evidence to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that he provided assistance in the drug deal that preceded his charge. The Supreme Court reversed, holding that a rational trier of fact, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, could not have found that Davis purposely promoted or facilitated the sale of drugs, and therefore, the district court erred when it denied Davis' motion to dismiss the charge of criminal distribution of dangerous drugs by accountability on the basis of insufficient evidence. View "State v. Davis" on Justia Law

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At issue in this case was the Montana Board of Oil & Gas Conservation's (MBOGC) issuance of twenty-three gas well permits to Fidelity Exploration and Production Company in the area known as the Cedar Creek Anticline (CCA). The Montana Wildlife Federation and National Wildlife Federation (collectively, Federations) challenged the issuance of the permits. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of Appellees, MBOGC, Fidelity, and Montana Petroleum Association, holding that the Federations failed to rebut the presumption of validity in the MBOGC's decision. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that the district court did not err in (1) conducting its review under Mont. Code Ann. 82-11-144 and in considering evidence outside the administrative record; (2) determining that the environmental assessments prepared by MBOGC for gas development in the CCA were adequate under the Montana Environmental Policy Act; and (3) ruling that MBOGC did not have to prepare a programmatic environmental impact statement for oil and gas development in the CCA. View "Mont. Wildlife Fed'n v. Bd. of Oil & Gas Conservation" on Justia Law